Genetic Connectivity Analysis of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus sp.) in Fisheries Management Areas (FMA) 713 and FMA 714 using a DNA Barcoding Approach: Implications for Blue Swimming Crab Resource Management in Indonesia
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Effective management of blue swimming crab (BSC) resources requires comprehensive understanding of their morphological and genetic characteristics. This study aimed to determine genetic distances, phylogenetic relationships, diversity, population structure, and connectivity of BSC populations in Fisheries Management Areas (FMA) 713 and 714, and to confirm their species identity. A total of 24 BSC samples (12 from each FMA; 6 males and 6 females) were collected from Poleang waters (FMA 713) and Lasongko Bay (FMA 714). DNA was extracted and amplified using mitochondrial COI gene with universal primers COIa and COIf. Results identified two Portunidae species: Portunus armatus and Portunus pelagicus, with P. armatus being dominant (83.33% in FMA 713; 91.67% in FMA 714). Phylogenetic analysis showed that P. armatus had closer genetic relationships among individuals than P. pelagicus. Both species exhibited high haplotype diversity with no significant difference (p = 0.4571), and very low genetic differentiation between regions (FST = -0.06164), indicating strong genetic connectivity. These findings suggest that BSC stocks in both FMAs are predominantly P. armatus. Consequently, resource management and conservation strategies should focus on P. armatus, since most past assessments referred to P. pelagicus, potentially misrepresenting population structure and stock dynamics.
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