Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ascophyllum nodosum
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Nanotechnology has emerged as a sustainable alternative for producing functional nanomaterials with unique properties. This study aims to develop and optimize a green synthesis protocol for producing silver nanoparticles using the brown algae Ascophyllum nodosum and to characterize their structural properties. Algal samples of A. nodosum were collected from their natural coastal habitat, thoroughly washed with distilled water to remove debris, air-dried under ambient conditions, mechanically ground into a fine powder, and subjected to aqueous extraction to obtain bioactive compounds essential for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Characterisation confirmed successful synthesis: UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a surface-plasmon-resonance peak at 420 nm; AFM and FESEM revealed spherical particles 10–30 nm; EDS indicated ? 85 % elemental silver with uniform distribution; FTIR identified O–H (3280 cm?¹), C = O (1635 cm?¹) and N–H (1540 cm?¹) groups capping the nanoparticle surface. GC-MS profiling of the algal extract detected more than fifty reducing/stabilising molecules, including fatty acids and phenolics. Antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) increases dose-dependently from 60.15% at 0.12 mg mL?¹ to 72.99% at 1 mg mL?¹, highlighting enhanced radical scavenging at higher nanoparticle concentrations. These findings demonstrate the efficiency of A. nodosum as a sustainable bio-factory for producing monodisperse, bio-capped silver nanoparticles with significant antioxidant capacity and broad prospects for medical, cosmetic, and industrial applications.
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