Enhancing shrimp health and immunity through diets supplemented with indigenous intestinal lactic acid bacteria: Implications for Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections
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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have demonstrated significant potential as probiotic agents against various pathogens. The objective of this research was to investigate the potential of indigenous intestinal LAB in combating Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) in Litopenaeus vannamei. The study ultimately identified the probiotic potential of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from shrimp intestines, focusing on its adaptability to varying salinity and pH levels, as well as its antibacterial efficacy. In this study, L. vannamei was fed freeze-dried E. faecalis combined with commercial feed to stimulate its immune system. Immune responses were assessed by measuring total hemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase (PO) activity, respiratory burst (RB), transglutaminase (TG) activity, lysozyme activity, and hemocyte phagocytosis. Additionally, specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rate (SR) were measured to assess the shrimp's growth performance. The experimental design included five treatments (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 g of freeze-dried E. faecalis per kg of commercial feed), with each treatment consisting of four replicates. The results indicated that the T4 dosage was optimal for enhancing immune responses and growth performance while reducing mortality compared to other treatments. This research adds to the growing body of evidence supporting the use of E. faecalis as a probiotic in mitigating Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections.
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