Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in eight fish species of the Khur-e Khuran International Wetland in the Persian Gulf, Iran
Downloads
Heavy metals are among the most toxic pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. This study was conducted to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals viz. lead, cadmium, chromium, zinc, cobalt, and copper in eight commercial fishes of Khur-e Khuran international wetland (KIW), Iran. The results showed that the highest concentration of heavy metals attributed to Zn as 176.5 µg g-1 dry weight in Platycephalus indicus and the lowest to Pb as 0.12 µg g-1 dry weight in Sillago sihama. Average concentrations of heavy metals in eight examined fish species were 29.15, 49.73, 1.39, 0.45, 1.43 and 1.56 µg g-1 dry weight for Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Co and Cr, respectively. The results also show that measured values of most heavy metals in some examined fishes of KIW were higher than those maximum permissible limit (MPL) according to international standards. The high concentrations of some metals in some examined fishes of KIW may be due to industrial and residential activities in adjacent coast i.e. in mainland and Qeshm Island, and marine traffic
Downloads
Alam M.G.M., Tanaka A., Allinson G., Laurenson L.J.B., Stagnitti S. and Snow E.T. (2002). A comparison of trace element concentrations in cultured and wild carp (Cyprinus carpio) of Lake Kasumigaura, Japan. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 53: 348-354.
Bai J.H., Wang Q.Q., Zhang K.J., Cui B.S., Liu X.H., Huang L.B., Xiao R., Gao H.F. (2010). Trace element contaminations of roadside soils from two cultivated wetlands after abandonment in a typical plateau lakeshore, China. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 25: 91-97.
Barlas N. (1999). A pilot study of heavy metal concentration in various environments and fishes in the Upper Sakaryia River Basin, Turkey. Environmental Toxicology, 14: 367-373.
Begí¼m A., Amin M.N., Kaneco S., Ohta K. (2005). Selected elemental composition of the muscle tissue of three species of fish, Tilapia nilotica, Cirrhina mrigala and Clarius batrachus, from the fresh water Dhanmondi Lake in Bangladesh. Food Chemistry, 93: 439-443.
Benson N.K., Essien J.P., Williams A.B., Bassey D.E. (2007). Mercury accumulation in fishes from tropical aquatic ecosystems in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Current Science, 92(6): 781-785.
Castro-Gonzalez M.I., Mendez-Armenta M. (2008). Heavy metals: implications associated to fish consumption. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 26: 263e71.
Chen Y.C., Chen M.H. (2001). Heavy metal concentrations in nine species of fishes caught in coastal waters off Ann-Ping, S.W. Taiwan. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 9: 107-114.
Cheung K.C., Leung H.M., Wong M.H. (2008). Metal concentrations of common freshwater and marine fish from the Pearl River Delta, South China. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 54: 705-715.
de Mora S., Scott W.F., Wyse E., Azemard S. (2004). Distribution of heavy metals in marine bivalves, fish and coastal sediments in the Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 49: 410-424.
Demirak A., Yilmaz F., Tuna A.L., Ozdemir N. (2006). Heavy metals in water, sediment and tissues of Leuciscus cephalus from a stream in southwestern Turkey. Chemosohere, 63(9): 1451-1458.
El-Moselhy K.M., Othman A.I., Abd El-Azem H., El-Metwally M.E.A. (2014). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in some tissues of fish in the Red Sea, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 1: 97-105.
Elnabris K.J., Muzyed S.K., El-Ashgar N.M. (2013). Heavy metal concentrations in some commercially important fishes and their contribution to heavy metals exposure in Palestinian people of Gaza Strip (Palestine). Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Basic and Applied Sciences, 13: 44-51.
FAO. (2010). Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Food and agriculture organization of the united states, Rome. 09 p.
FAO/WHO. (1989). Evaluation of certain food additives and the contaminants mercury, lead and cadmium. WHO. Technical Report Series No. 505.
Fernandes C., Fontaínhas-Fernandes A., Cabral D., Salgado M.A. (2008). Heavy metals in water, sediment and tissues of Liza saliens from Esmoriz–Paramos lagoon, Portugal. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 136: 267-275.
Gao F., Luo X.J., Yang Z.F., Wang X.M., Mai B.X. (2009). Brominated flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in bird eggs from the Yellow River Delta, North China. Environmental Science and Technology, 43: 6956-6962.
HDE (Hormozgan Department of Environment) (2001). Protected Area, Hormozgan Province, Department of Natural.
Ji G.D., Sun T.H., Ni J.R. (2007). Impact of heavy oil-polluted soils on reed wetlands. Ecological Engineering, 29: 272-279.
Khaled A. (2004). Seasonal determination of some heavy metals in muscle tissues of Siganus rivulatus and Sargus sargus fish from El-Mex Bay and Eastern Harbor, Alexandria, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 8(1): 65e81.
Khazaei S.H., Ahmadi Z., Shahriari Alkoei M. (2013). Survey of lead, nickel and cadmium concentration on consumable fish in Khor ramshahr City. Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal, 12(4): 409-418. (In Farsi)
MacFarlane G.B., Burchettt M.D. (2000). Cellular distribution of Cu, Pb, and Zn in the Grey Mangrove Avicennia marina (Forsk.). Vierh Aquatic Botanic, 68: 45-59.
MAFF (Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food). (2000). Monitoring and surveillance of non-radioactive contaminants in the aquatic environment and activities regulating the disposal of wastes at sea, 1997. In Aquatic Environment Monitoring Report No. 52. Center for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, UK.
MOOPAM (Manual of Oceanographic Observation and Pollution Analyses Method). (1983). Regional organization for the protection of marine environment (ROPME).
Nabizadeh M.S., Pourkhabbaz A. (2011). Metal concentrations in marine fishes collected from hara biosphere in Iran. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 17(2): 71-79. (In Farsi).
Nabulo G., Oryem Origa H., Nasinyama G.W., Cole D. (2008). Assessment of Zn, Cu, Pb and Ni contamination in wetland soils and plants in the Lake Victoria basin. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 5: 65-74.
Obasohan E.E., Oronsaye J.A.O. (2004). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals by some cichlids of trace metals in the muscle and liver tissues of five fish species from the Persian Gulf. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 157: 499-514.
Ochieng E.Z., Lalah J.O., Wandiga S.O. (2007). Analysis of heavy metals in water and surface sediment in five Rift Valley Lakes in Kenya for assessment of recent increase in anthropogenic activities. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 79: 570-576.
Oryan S., Tatyana M., Gharib Khani M. (2009). The effects of oil pollution in the northern Persian Gulf through the accumulation of heavy metals (Ni, Pb, Cd and V) in muscle tissue of Lutjanus fuluiflammus. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 1(3): 16-9. (In Farsi).
Pascoe G.A. (1993). Wetland risk assessment. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 12: 2293-2307.
Pollard J., Cizdziel J., Stave K., Reid M. (2007). Selenium concentrations in water and plant tissues of a newly formed arid wetland in Las Vegas, Nevada. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 135: 447-457.
Ruelas-Inzunza J.R., Pa´ez-Osuna F. (2000). Comparative bioavailability of trace metals using three filter-feeder organisms in a subtropical coastal environment (Southeast Gulf of California). Environmental Pollution, 107: 437-444.
Rumbold D.G., Lange T.R., Axelrad D.M., Atkeson T.D. (2008) Ecological risk of methylmercury in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA. Ecotoxicology, 17: 632-641.
Saei-Dehkordi S.S., Fallah A.A. (2011). Determination of copper, lead, cadmium and zinc content in commercially valuable fish species from the Persian Gulf using derivative potentiometric stripping analysis. Microchemical Journal, 98: 156-162.
Sekhar K.C., Charg N.S., Kamala C.T., Suman Raj D.S., Rao S. (2003). Fractionation studies and bioaccumulation of sediment bound heavy metal in Koueru Lake by edible fish. Environment International, 22: 1001-1008.
Speelmans M., Vanthuyne D.R.J, Lock K., Hendrickx F., Du L.G., Tack F.M.G., Janssen C.R. (2007). Influence of flooding, salinity and inundation time on the bioavailability of metals in wetlands. Science of the Total Environment, 380: 144-153.
Storelli M.M., Marcotrigiano G.O. (2005). Bioindicator organisms: heavy metal pollution evaluation in the Ionian Sea (Mediterranean Sea-Italy). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 102: 159-166.
Storelli M.M., Storelli A., D'ddabbo R., Marano C., Bruno R., Marcotrigiano G.O. (2005). Trace elements in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) from the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Overview and evaluation. Environmental Pollution, 135: 163-170.
Sun T., Yang Z.F., Shen Z.Y., Zhao R. (2009). Environmental flows for the Yangtze Estuary based on salinity objectives. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, 14: 959-971.
TFC (Turkish Food Codes). (2002). Official Gazette, 23 September 2002, No. 24885.
Tí¼rkmen M., Tí¼rkmen A., Tepe Y., Töre Y., Ates A. (2009). Determination of metals in fish species from Aegean and Mediterranean seas. Food Chemistry, 113: 233-237.
UNEP. (1985). Reference methods for marine pollution studies, determination of total Hg in marine sediments and suspended solids by cold vapor AAS. 26 p.
Vinodhini R., Narayanan M. (2008). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in organs of fresh water fish Cyprinus carpio (Common carp). International Journal of Environmental Science Technology, 5: 179-182.
Wyse E.J., Azemard S., Mora S.J. (2003). Report on the world-wide intercomparison exercise for the determination of trace elements and methylmercury in fish homogenate IAEA-407, IAEA/AL/144 (IAEA/MEL/72), IAEA, Monaco.
Xie T., Liu X.H., Sun T. (2011). The effects of groundwater table and flood irrigation strategies on soil water and salt dynamics and reed water use in the Yellow River Delta, China. Ecological Modelling, 222: 241-252.
Yilmaz F., Ozdemir N., Demirak A., Tuna A.L. (2007). Heavy metal levels in two fish species Leuciscus cephalus and Lepomis gibbosus. Food Chemistry, 100: 830e5.
Zhao S., Feng C., Quan W., Chen X., Niu J., Shen Z. (2012). Role of living environments in the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals in fishes and crabs in the Yangtze River Estuary, China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 64: 1163e71.
