Discovery and DNA analysis of the invasive freshwater mussel Sinanodonta lauta (Unionidae) in south Iran

alien population COI haplotype Dez River Khuzestan Babol River

Authors

  • Kazem Alwanzadegan Department of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
  • Hadise Kashiri Department of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
  • Ivan N. Bolotov N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, 163000 Arkhangelsk, Russia.
  • Ertan Ercan Fisheries Faculty, Mugla Sitki Koçman University, Mugla, Turkey.
  • Ainaz Shirangi Basic Sciences Faculty, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Iran.
  • Edris Ghaderi Department of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
March 24, 2023

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Some members of the genus Sinanodonta (Modell, 1944) are known as successful invaders of freshwater habitats. Here we report the first record of Sinanodonta lauta (Martens, 1877) from Iran and provide morphological and molecular data on this alien population. This species was observed in the Dez River and a fish farm in Khuzestan, south of Iran. The S. lauta introduction seems to be closely related to the introduction of Asian carps from East Asia. The individuals collected from the river exhibited two COI haplotypes, probably due to several introduction events of host fish. Based on our haplotype network, the alien individuals found in Iran is closer to the native ones from South Korea (two-three substitutions) compared to other native individuals reported from Japan and Russian Far East. The presence of 10-11 years old specimens in Dez River shows that the species can survive well in the natural environment of southern Iran. Further expansion and colonization of S. lauta in south Iran or beyond it are not unexpected due to some human-mediated dispersal events as well as waterways in the region.