Body shape variation of Garra rufa (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) populations in the Tigris basin in Iran using geometric morphometric analysis

Maryam Saemi-Komsari; Hamed Mousavi-Sabet; Masoud Sattari; Soheil Eagderi; Saber Vatandoust; Ignacio Doadrio

doi:10.22034/ijab.v9i4.611

Authors

Maryam Saemi-Komsari
[email protected]
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran.
Hamed Mousavi-Sabet Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran.
Masoud Sattari Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran.
Soheil Eagderi Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Saber Vatandoust Department of Fisheries, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran.
Ignacio Doadrio Biodiversity and Evolutionary Group, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.

Vol. 9 No. 4 (2021): August

Articles

August 12, 2021

Downloads

PDF

Abstract
How to Cite
Metrics
References

Geometric morphometric method was used to examine the body shape variations among the six populations of Garra rufa, in Iranian part of Tigris basin. A total of 15 landmark-points was used for 170 specimens to hypothesize population differentiation of G. rufa in the six rivers and reservoir. In discriminant function analysis, 85.9% of original grouped cases correctly classified. Principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical variates analysis (CVA) confirmed the significant difference between the populations. The results revealed that the studied populations are divided into three clades based on differences in body depth, caudal peduncle length, backward moving of anal fin. Caudal peduncle showed shortening trend in five populations. Narrower body shape was dominated among specimens of four regions. Studies on body shape provide supporting data on fisheries, stock management, and conservative programs.

Saemi-Komsari, M., Mousavi-Sabet, H., Sattari, M., Eagderi, S., Vatandoust, S., & Doadrio, I. (2021). Body shape variation of Garra rufa (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) populations in the Tigris basin in Iran using geometric morphometric analysis. International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 9(4), 258–263. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijab.v9i4.611

Download Citation

Adams D.C., Rohlf F.J., Slice D.E. (2004). Geometric Morphometrics: Ten Years of Progress Following the 'Revolution. Italian Journal of Zoology, 71: 5-16.

Bandyopadhyay P.R., Castano J.M., Rice J.Q., Philips, R.B., Nedderman W.H., Macy W.K. (1997). Low-speed maneuvering hydrodynamics of fish and small underwater vehicles. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 119: 136-144.

Beacham T.D. (1990). A genetic analysis of meristic and morphometric variation in chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) at three different temperatures. Canadian Journal of Zoology 68: 225-229.

Bookstein F.L. (1991). Morphometric tools for landmark data: geometry and biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 435 p.

Coad B.W. (2018). Freshwater fishes of Iran. Available at http://www.briancoad.com

Costa C., Cataudella S. (2007). Relationship between shape and trophic ecology of selected species of Sparids of the Caprolace coastal lagoon (central Tyrrhenian Sea). Environmental Biology of Fishes, 78: 115-123.

Currens K.P., Sharpe C.S., Hjort R., Schreck C.B., Li H.W. (1989). Effects of different feeding regimes on the morphometrics of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Evolution, 48: 1723-1734.

Eklöv P., Svanbäck R. (2006). Predation risk influences adaptive morphological variation in fish populations. American Naturalist, 167: 440-52.

Esmaeili H.R., Sayyadzadeh G., Eagderi S., Abbasi K. (2018). Checklist of freshwater fishes of Iran. FishTaxa, 3(3): 1-95.

Esmaeili H.R., Sayyadzadeh G., Coad B.W., Eagderi S. (2016). Review of the genus Garra Hamilton, 1822 in Iran with description of a new species: a morpho-molecular approach (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 3(2): 82-121.

Froese, R., Pauly D. (2021). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org.

Gatz A.J. (1979). Community organization in fishes as indicated by morphological features. Ecology, 60: 711-8.

Guill, J.M., Hood, C.S. Heins D.C. (2003). Body shape variation within and among three species of darters (Perciformes: Percidae). Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 12: 134-140.

Hammer H. (2012). PAST: Paleontological Statistics. Natural History Museum University of Oslo Press. 226 p.

Haas T.C., Blum M.J., Heins D.C. 2010. Morphological responses of a stream fish to water impoundment. Biology Letters, 6: 803-6.

Harris R.J. (1975). A primer of multivariate statistics. Academic Press, New York. 546 p.

He Y., Li R., Wang J., Blanchet S., Lek S. (2013). Morphological variation among wild populations of Chinese rare minnow (Gobio cyprisrarus): Deciphering the Role of Evolutionary Processes. Zoological Science, 30: 475-483.

Heidari A., Khoshkholgh M., Mousavi-Sabet H. (2014). Tracing the effects of Sefidrud dams on Capoeta gracilis (Cyprinidae) populations using Truss distances in southern Caspian Sea basin. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 1(2): 106-113.

Heidari A., Mousavi-Sabet H., Khoshkholgh M., Esmaeili H.R., Eagderi S. (2013). The impact of Manjil and Tarik dams (Sefidroud River, southern Caspian Sea basin) on morphological traits of Siah Mahi Capoeta gracilis (Pisces: Cyprinidae). International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 1(4): 195-201.

Kohestan-Eskandari S., AnvariFar H., Mousavi-Sabet H., Yousefi M., Khanzade M. (2014). A morphology-based hypothesis for homeward migration success and population differentiation in the anadromous kutum Rutilus kutum (Pisces: Cyprinidae) along the southern Caspian Sea, Iran. Folia Zoologica, 63 (3): 151–160.

Hoagstrom C.W., Berry C.R. (2008). Morphological diversity among fishes in Great Plains river drainage. Hydrobiologia, 596: 367-86.

Hossain M.A.R., Nahiduzzaman M., Saha D., Khanam M.U.H., Alam M.S. (2010). Landmark-based morphometric and meristic variations of the endangered carp, Kalibaus, Labeo calbasu, from stocks of two isolated rivers, the Jamuna and Halda and a hatchery. Zoological Studies, 49: 556-563.

Jackson D.A. (1995). PROTEST: A PROcrustean randomization TEST of community environment concordance. Ecoscience, 2(3): 297-303.

Langerhans RB. (2008). Predictability of phenotypic differentiation across flow regimes in fishes. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 158: 699-708.

Langerhans B.R., Laydon C.A., Langerhans A.K., Dewitt T.J. (2003). Habitat-associated morphological divergence in two Neotropical fish species. Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 80: 689-698.

Mousavi-Sabet H., Anvarifar H. (2013). Landmark-based morphometric variation between Cobitis keyvani and Cobitis faridpaki (Pisces: Cobitidae), with new habitat for C. faridpaki in the southern Caspian Sea basin. Folia Zoologica, 62(3): 167-175.

Mousavi-Sabet H., Vatandoust S., Fatemi Y., Eagderi S. (2016). Tashan Cave a new cave fish locality for Iran; and Garra tashanensis, a new blind species from the Tigris River drainage (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). FishTaxa, 1(3): 133-148.

Mousavi-Sabet H, Heidari A, Salehi M (2018) How did dams affect length-weight and length-length relationships of Capoeta razii (Cyprinidae) in Sefid River, the southern Caspian Sea basin? International Journal of Aquatic Biology 6(5): 274-280.

Mousavi-Sabet H., Saemi-Komsari M., Doadrio I., Freyhof, J. (2019) Garra roseae, a new species from the Makran region in southern Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa, 4671 (2): 223–239.

Nacua S.S., Dorado E.L., Torres M.A.J., Demayo C.G. (2010). Body shape variation between two populations of the white goby, Glossogobius giuris. Research Journal of Fisheries and Hydrobiology, 5: 44-51.

Paknejad S., Heidari A., Mousavi-Sabet H. (2014). Morphological variation of shad fish Alosa brashnicowi (Teleostei, Clupeidae) populations along the southern Caspian Sea coasts, using a truss system. International Aquatic Research, 2 (6): 330-336.

Rohlf F.J. (2004). tpsSpline, thin-plate spline, version 1.20. US Patents DEB 93-17572, IBN-0090445 and DEB-0212023.

Sayyadzadeh G., Esmaeili H.R., Freyhof J. (2015). Garra mondica, a new species from the Mond River drainage with remarks on the genus Garra from the Persian Gulf basin in Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa, 4048: 075-089.

Schluter D., McPhail J.D. (1992). Ecological character displacement and speciation in sticklebacks American Naturalist, 140: 85-108.

Sneath P.H.A., Sokal. R.R. (1973). Numerical taxonomy. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco. 573 p.

Torres-Dowdall J., Handelsman C.A., Reznick D.N., Ghalambor C.K. (2012). Local adaptation and the evolution of phenotypic plasticity in Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Evolution, 11(66): 3432-3443.

Vatandoust S., Mousavi-Sabet H., Razeghi-Mansour M., AnvariFar H., Heidari A. (2015). Morphometric variation of the endangered Caspian lamprey, Caspiomyzon wagneri (Pisces: Petromyzontidae), from migrating stocks of two rivers along the southern Caspian Sea. Zoological Studies, 56: 1-9.

Webb P.W. (1982). Locomotor patterns in the evolution of actinopterygian fishes. American Zoologist 22: 329-342.

Wainwright P.C., Reilly S.M. (1994). Ecological morphology: integral organismal biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 376 p.

Webster M., Sheets D.H. (2010). A Practical Introduction to Landmark-Based Geometric Morphometrics". Paleontological Society Papers. 16(Quantitative Methods in Paleobiology): 163-188.

Yamamoto S., Maekawa K., Tamate T., Koizumi I., Hasegawa K., Kubota H. (2006). Genetic evaluation of translocation in artificially isolated populations of white-spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis). Fisheries Research, 78: 352-358.