Alterations in biochemical parameters of the freshwater fish, Alburnus mossulensis, exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Fenpropathrin

Fenpropathrin is a new pyrethroid insecticide used to control crop pests. The aim of this study was to evidence fenpropathrin-induced oxidative stress and alterations in biochemical parameters in the freshwater fish, Alburnus mossulensis. Total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase activity (CAT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CK), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the whole body extract were measured in A. mossulensis after exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of fenpropatrin (approximately equal to 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10% of 96 h LC₅₀) for 15 days. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LC₅₀ of the fenpropathrin for A. mossulensis was 562.28±45.19, 218.18±18.75, 136.18±11.90 and 121.38±11.84 µg/L at 24±2 °C. Exposure to 2.75, 5.50 and 12.6 µg/L fenpropathrin significantly increased AST activity in fish. A significant increase in the ALP and LDH activities was observed in fish after a 15 day exposure to 1.25, 5.50 and 12.60 µg/L fenpropathrin. Fenpropatrin significantly induced lipid peroxidation and increased MDA levels in fish. Compared with the control group, total protein levels in fish decreased after exposure to 2.75, 5.50 and 12.60 µg/L fenpropathrin on day 15. Total antioxidant capacity, AChE and CPK activities in fish exposed to fenproparthin were significantly lower than control group.  There was a significant increase in the CAT and ALT activities in fish after exposure to 5.50 and 12.60 µg/L fenpropathrin. In conclusion, fenpropathrin has the potential to disrupt biochemical parameters in A. mossulensis and to induce oxidative stress.